Governor for battery-ignition systems



Nov. 4, 193. I W E- SCHWARZMANN ET AL LSY GOVERNOR FOR BATTERY IGNITION SYSTEMS Filed June 4, 1921 ma F19.

INVENTORS WOLFGANG E. LSCHWARZMA/V/V CHARLES STR/VISTE ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 4, 1930 WOLFGANG E. SCHWARZMANN, OF LONGMEADOW, AND CHARLES -STRNISTIEI, OF

SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE l ELECTRIC AUTO-LITE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF OHIO GOVERNOR FOR BATTERY-IGNITION SYSTEMS Application filed June 4, 1921.r serial No. 475,065.

The present invention relates to ignition systems for internal combustion engines and particularly to the mechanism thereof for automatically adjusting the period of ignition or timing upon change of engine speed.

Heretofore, it was customary in such mechanisms to control the advance of the .timing in accordance with the eiiicient operation of different engines by means of a single controlling element, sometimes interchangeable, which by itself modified the normal action of the remaining parts of the governor mechanism to produce the desired adj ustment upon change of engine speed. In these vent knocking and other undesirable featuresA in the operation of the engine.

In accordance with our invention, we overcome these difficulties by providing interchangeable governor springs calibrated to properly modify the normal action of the.'

governor weight to accord with the form of the advance characteristic desired, such springs being also. preferably adjustable for the purpose of varying the initial tension thereof. So also, to determinethe limits of action of the governor weight, we provide alterable, andpreferably adjustable, means adapted to determine the initial position of the governor weight, or both the initial and lfinal positions. j Furthermore, the extent of advance of the period of ignition may be determined by the changing/of interchangeable means, which is preferably fast with the governor weight in the driving connection between the governor weight and the interrupter. Preferabl'yfhowever, we provide alterable'and adjustable parts for any 'two or all of these purposes, as for instance,v in

' a tilting ring governor journalled on an axis transverse to the axis of the driving shaft and having a member fast with it and -in .direct driving engagement with the interrupter, and a spring op osing the tilting movements of the ring. ngular movement of the governor weight about an axis transverse to the axis of the shaft may thus be directly changed to angular movement about the axis of the shaft by the direct engagement with the interrupter of the means fast with the weight.

In accordance with the specific construction hereinafter described, the limits of the action of the tilting ring of the governor, whether it be the initial or the initial and final limits, are determined by a lever, preferably having inclined contact surfaces aid,` fast with such ring, and cooperative adjustably stop pins adj ustably mounted in a yoke 1 fast with the shaft and carrying the tilt-ing ring for action about an axis transverse to the axis of the shaft. In that construction the extent of advance of the period of ignition is also determined by an interchangeable 'leverbeing fastened to the ring and connected in driving engagement with the interrupter, through a sleeve co-axial with the shaft, such lever having fastened to it, in a predetermined or selected position thereon, a pin acting as a driving member for such sleeve and projecting into a slot in such sleeve, so thaty the engagement of the pin in the slot operates, during the movement of the ring and lever to effect a movement of the sleeve about the axis of the shaft. The tiltin action of the ring is opposed by a spring ocated in a recess formed in a bearing hub of the ring. The yoke in supporting such ring, has a bearin at one end and a split jaw at the other, the ormer rotatably supporting a trunnion fast with one hub ofthe ring and the split jaw holding a fixed but adjustable trunnion upon which the recessed hub of the ring is rotatably supported, the latter trunnion projecting in such recess. The spring is located in this recess and surrounds the projecting trunnion, with one end of the spring connected to the hub portion and the other end connected to the projecting trunnion so that upon the adjusting of the latter. the initial tension of the spring may be varied to the extent desired.

In the accompanying drawing illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention:

,Fig 1 is a vertical sectional view of an assembly of the device constructed in accordance with our invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is aview in side elevation of the governor mechanism; Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a yoke member upon which the overnor ring is mounted for tilting action; ig. 7 is a view partly in section and partly in elevation of adjustable means for limiting the action'of the governor; and Figs. 8, 9,

10, 11, 12 and 13 are similar views of otherl forms of the device shown in Fig. 6.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, the ignition adjusting mechanism is of the governor controlled type and comprises generally a governor or speed responsive device, a mechanical interrupter and a distributor, all operatedJ by a common' upright shaft. The governor is enclosed in a governor housing 1 of generally cylindrical form and having its upper open end of slightly larger diameter than the body portion of the housing to form a socket portion 2 capable of detachably receiving an interrupter casing 3. The interrupter mechanism is enclosed in this casing. Upon the upper end of the housing 1, so as to cover the interrupter mechanism, is detachably mounted a distributor cap 4. The lower end of the housing 1 has an integra-l depending hub or bearing 5, in which is rotatably mounted an actuating shaft 6 suitably driven by a movable part of the internal combustion engine or a generator shaft. The shaft may be driven through a pinion 7, preferably of spirall form, conveniently fixed to uthe shaft 6 by means of a cross pin 8. The shaft extends through the housingl, where the governor mechanism is connected to the shaft for rotation therewith;then through the casing 3 where the shaft has an interrupter cam portion 9; andthen terminates within the space enclosed by the distributor cap 4 above the interrupter mechanism, where a distributor rotor 10 is-detachably connected to theupper end of the shaft 6 and adapted to rotate therewith. The lower end of the housing 1 alsohas a hub portion 11 to which is fastened a timing lever 12 having a ring portion 113 surrounding the hub portion 11 and adapted to bind firmly therewith by means of a tightening or binding screw 14. The free end of the lever 12 has a perforation 15 for the reception of a connecting rod ada ted to be manually operated from t e 'seat o the operator. The bearing 5 also has an Iannular groove 16 adapted to cooperate with ari'xed4 part of the engine in order to prevent longitudinal movement of the housing 1.

The governor mechanism is enclosed in the housing 1 and is connected to the shaft 6 so as to be actuated thereby. Such governor mechanism comprises a yoke or bracket 17 secured to the shaft '6 by means of .a tapered pin 18 driven through transverse registering apertures in the yoke and shaft. The yoke 17 has a centrally apertured portion seated against a shoulder 20 provided on the shaft 6. This yoke generally is of U-form provided with'upwardly extending ring supporting or bearing portions 21 and 22, the former being in the nature of a bearing block and having a bearing aperture 23 in which one of the trunnions 24, secured to the tilting ring 25, is journalled while the portion 22 is of a split jaw construction having a slit 26, a jaw aperture 27 and an auxiliary aperture 28, the latter being provided in the jaw portion 22 for giving greater resiliency to the jaw halves 29 and 30. The latter may be and adapted upon centrifugal action to move outwardly with reference to the axis of the shaft, as will more clearly appear hereinafter.

The ring 25 has a hub 35 on one side thereof suitably apertured to receive the trunnion 24 which is secured or made fast with the hub portion 35 of the ring 25 by means of a stud screw pin 36 having a reduced portion 37 thereof extending into a transverse aperture formed in the trunnion 24, the screw pin 36 being threaded into the hub portion 35 of the ring. The trunnion 24 extends into and through the bearing aperture 23 of the block 21, and has secured thereto or formed upon its inner end, an interchangeable lever or arm 38 adapted to determine the extent of the advance of the period of ignition, as more fully hereinafter appears. This lever has an up.- wardly extending portion 39 to which is secured in selected position, a ball pin 40,'the

shank 41 of which is threaded for its securement to the portion 39. The lower portion of the lever 38 has laterally extending portions42 and 43 having inclined under-surfaces 44 and 45, res ectively, which cooperate with the upper en s 46 and 47of adjustable -stop pins 48 and 49 adjustably threaded through threaded apertures 5 0 and 51 formed in the yoke member 17 adjacent the bearing block 21. `The heads ofthe pins 48 and 49 lie within the a ertures 50 and 51, andare .covered with sea 'ng material 52 for prevent-- ,ing access to such pins after they have -been once properly adjusted. The other side of l the -ring25 is formed with a recessed hub 53 rotatably supported upon the bearing portion said trunnion.

the spring 59 is inserted selectively in any with the upper end of the sleeve to prevent 54 of the trunnion 32, the inner end of the latter being clamped between the yj aws 29 and 30 of the member 22; The other end 55 of the trunnion 32 extends into the recess or cavity 56 of the hub 53 and is provided with a slot 57 into which is inserted an end 58 of a spiral spring 59 nested within the recess 56 and surrounding the slotted end portion 55 of The other or outer end 60 of one of the radial slots 61, 62 or 63, formed in the rim portion 64 of the hub 53, such end 60 being shown in slot 62 in'Figure 3 of the drawing. The end 60 is preferably hooked to insure its maintaining its position in the slot 61, 62 or 63. The weighted portions 33 and 34 are also provided with inwardly extending'projections 65 and 66 and notches 67 and 68 formed adjacent thereof. When the rin 25 is assembled and tested, it is balanced by reducing any overweight on either side thereof by removing, as by filing, a portion of the projection 65 or 66, as the case may require, the notches 67 and 68 being for the purpose of facilitating access to said projections 65 and 66 with the ille, or other suitable tool. The spring 59 is interchangeable so that-any selected spring, calibrated to resist the normal tilting action or centrifugal movement of the. ring, may be used, depending u pon the charact-er of advance desired to be imposed upon the governor mechanism. The initial tension of the selected spring may be determined by connecting the end 60 thereof selectively in any of the slots 61, 62 or 63 and also by adjusting the trunnion 32, by means of the slot 57 into which the end 58 of the spring 59 is inserted. This adjustment is accomplished by irst loosening the jaw screw 31, then inserting a suitable tool, as a screw driver, into the slot 57 in the4 end 55 of the trunnion 32, and then turning the latter to a predetermined .extent to obtain the tension desired. The screw 31 is then again tightened for the purpose offmaintaining the trunnion 32 in such adjusted posit-ion.

It will thus be observed that the governor ring 25 is mounted for tilting action or angular movement on an axis transverse to the axis of the shaft 6, yet adapted to rotate with the shaft 6 about the axisthereoii so that, depending upon the rate of rotation of the shaft, the weighted portions 33 and 34 of the ring are adapted to move centrifugally, against the resist-ing action of the spring, from the position shown in full lines to that shown in dotted lines, in Figs. l1 and 5 of the drawing.

Above the central portion of the yoke 17, the shaft 6 has a reduced diameter portion 69 upon which is loosely mounted a sleeve 70 resting at its lower end upon the central portion of the yoke. The upper end of the shaft portion 69 has a thrust washer 71 engaging longitudinal movement thereof, the Washer 7l being held to the end of the shaft by means of a screw 72 threaded into said end of the shaft. The sleeve is of generally cylindrical form but has an enlarged cam portion 9 providing an upper shoulder 73 upon which is adapted to rest, the lower end 74 of the distributor rotor J10, the upper end of the sleeve 7 0 being cut away to provide a secantal surface or face 75 cooperating with a corresponding face in a recess 76 of the rotor 10 so that the latter may rotate positively with the sleeve 70, yet permitting ready disconnection of the g may have worked its way upwardly along the governor mechanism or splashed upwardly within the governor housing so as to guard against the access of such oil into the interior of the interrupter casing 3. The lower portion 78 ofthe sleeve 7 0 is provided with a longitudinal slot or groove 7 9 within which the ball or head of the ball pin 40 is adapted to operate, as will more fully appear hereinafter. l

Within the interrupter casing 3 is included a suitable interrupter mechanism which, with the exception of the interrupter cam 9 forming partof the sleeve 7 0, are supported upon.

the base or bottom 86 of the interrupter casing 3e This mechanism comprises-an interrupter lever 81 suitably pivotally mounted on the base 80, and carrying a fibre block 82 against which operates the interrupter cam 9 against the spring 83 which reacts against a block 84 forming part of a screw stud 85 extending radially outwardly tlirou li suitable openings provided in the sides o the interrupter casing 3 and the governor housing l,

respectively. Within the opening of the latter is inserted a socket member 86 of insulating material which is apertured to receive the screw threaded end of the stud 85and also recessed at its inner side to receive a rectangular enlargement 87 on the stud 85,y such enlargement preventing the turning of the stud 85 when once positioned. Between the enlargement 87 and the block 84 is interposed a bifurcated end of a spring 88 which conducts current from the stud 85 to the interrupter lever 81. An insulating piece 89 is interposed between the block 84 and the side of the interrupter casing3, as well as an inwardly projecting portion of the insert or socketrmember 86 which extends through the opening formed in the side wall of the casing 3 for the purpose of insulating the stud parts from said casing; The outer end of the socket member 86 is recessed to receive lock nuts 90 and the shank 91 of a thumb nut or button 92 threaded tothe outer end of the stud 85, the terminal of the primary lead being bound between the nuts tom or base plate 8O of the interrupter casing 3.

Tothe interrupter casing 3 is secured, at one slde thereof, a radially extending binding screw stud 95 which extends througha slot 96 formed in a boss 97 of the governor housing f1. The boss 97 also has a recessk in which is placed a washer 98 between which and a binding nut 99 threaded upon the outer end of the screw stud 95, may be secured the terminal of a ground lead. p

Within the chamber of the governor housing is provided an oil well 100 in which may be placed a quantity of lubricant adapted, during the operation of the governing mechanism, to' be splashed about within the interior of the casing l so as to constantly and automatically lubricate the various parts of the governor mechanism, but the working of the oil along the shaft, as well as, the splashing of the oil, into the interior of the interrupter housing through the opening 101 of .tive spark plugs of the engine.

the base plate 80 of the interrupter-casing is, however, prevented by the oil deflecting ring 77, above described.

The distributor cap 4 comprises a plurality of lead terminal posts 102 corresponding in number to the cylinders in the engine and a center post 103, the latter containing a slidable center brush 104 in bearing contact with a conducting element or insert 105 fastened to the distributor rotor 10 connected to the upper end of the shaft 6. The insert 105 extends radially of and projects beyondv the periphery of the'rotor 10, the projecting end of the insert cooperating, during the rotation of the rotor, successively with the inner terminals 106 of the metal electrodes 107 embedded in the lead ter- 'minal posts 102, so`that a ljump spark occurs between the tapered end of the `insert 105 and the terminal 106 as the former rotates into juxtaposition of the latter. From the posts 102 lead ignition cables to the respec- On the lower portion of the distributor cap is provided a depending lug 108 adapted, when the cap is mounted in proper position, to extend into the upper end of the slot 96 whereby the cap 4 is locked in proper angular relation with respect to the housing 1 and casing 2, the lug 108 also maintaininglthe binding screw stud 95 in place in the slot 96.

During the operation of the device 1t will be observed that the shaft 6 is driven by a rotating Vpart of the engine or generator,

and the yoke 17 will rotate therewith 'as well as the governor ring 25. Depending upon the rate of rotation of the shaft 6, the ring 25 will be caused to move or tilt, about an axis transverse to the axis of the shaft 6, v

by centrifugal action, from the position shown in .full lines to that shown in dotted lines of Figs. 1 and 5 of the drawing. Inasmuch as the governor ring is connected through the socket or hub 53 with one end of the spiral spring 59, the latter will resiliently resist the movement of the governor ring from its position lshown in full lines to that shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 1 5, the normal action of the governor ring being modified by the spring 59. Inasmuch as the other side of the ring is made fast.

to the trunnion 24, the latter will rotate or partake of the angular movement of the ring 25 and will also cause a similar angular movement of the lever 38.A This angular movement of the lever 38, with the ball pin 40 bearing against one side of the slot or groove 79, will directly impart or impress upon the sleeve 70 a progressive or retreating angular movement about the axis of the shaft 6. When the governor ring is not moving about its horizontal axis, thesleeve ,direct driving connection with such sleeve.4

Inasmuch asthe interrupter cam 9 is an integral part of the sleeve 70, this cam will also receive an advanced or retarded movement relative to the shaft 6 so as to auto'- matically advance or retard the periods of ignition in the primary circuit including the interrupter elements.

In the manufacture of governor mechanisms on a. commercial basis, the various parts lof the mechanism will vary and the relation of the parts will also vary in the several units. ,Accordingly each assembled unit willneed certain compensations, corrections and adjustments in order that it will give an ideal advance of the periods of ignition. Such corrections, compensations and adjustments are made with the means above and hereinafter described and illustrated upon the drawing. If the ring is unbalanced, the mass of the over-weighted side is reduced by filing away a portion of the projection 65 and66 until a correct. balance is obtained. A spring 59 is selected of predetermined calibration and connected between `the rim 64of the hub 53 and the trunnion 32, the initial tension to be given the spring being determined by selectively connecting the end 60 of the spring 59 in any one of the slots 61, 62 or 63and also by turning the trunnion 32 in the split j aw'22 for winding the inner end 'of the spring 59 to the tension desired, the jaw member being then l tightened to maintain the trunnion in adjusted position. The normal action or centrifugal movement of the governor weight or ring isthus modified in accordance with the calibration of the spring selected to resist the tilting movement of the ring and the initial tension imposed upon such spring.

The limits of the action of the governor ring, and hence the limits of advance and retard of the cam 9, aredetermined by the lever 38 which is alterable by changing its relation with the stop pins 48 and 49, the latter being adjustable for affecting such alterable relation. By adjusting the screw or pin 49, as viewed in Figs. 5 and 7, so as -to raise or lower the contact end 47 whereby it may be contacted by the contact surface 45 earlier or latter, during the tilting vmovement of the ring, the initial position of the lring may be altered and determined. So also, by' adjusting the screw or pin 48 so as to raise orlower the contact end 46 whereby it may be contacted by the contact surface 44 earlier or laterduring the tilting move- -ment of the ring, the nal position of such ring may be altered and determined. It will also be apparent that an adjustment of both screws .48 and 49 will alter and determine both the initial and final positions of the tilting action of the ring as may be desired.

Figs. 8 to 13, inclusive, illustrate other forms of alterable means for determining the limits-of the action or tilting movement of the governor weight or ring. Referring to the forms of Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the drawing, each of the trunnions 109, 110, 111 and 112, correspondingl to the trunnion 24 shown in Figs. 5 and 7 of the drawing, have rigid therewith a lever 113, 114, 115 and 116, respectively, corresponding to the lever 38 shown in Figs. 5 and 7 of the drawing. Each of these levers has a depending tapered end 117, 118, 119 and 120 provided with inclined contact faces or surfaces 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 and 128, adapted, at the ends of the alternate movements of the lever to contact with stop screws 129 and 130 threaded into the apertures 50 and 51 in the yoke 17. The contact surfaces 121 and 122, as well as 123 and 124, are inclined symmetrically to the center line of the lever, but in the form shown in Fig. 8, the surfaces 121 and 122 are relatively inclined more acutely than the surfaces 123 and 124 shown in Fig. 9, so that the lever 113 will have a greater angular movement than thev lever 114, the limits of such movements being shown by the full and dotted line positions of the levers 113 and 114, in Figs. 8 and 9. The contact surfaces 125 and 126, as well -as 1 27 and 128, are however, asymmetrical to the center line of the levers 115,v and 116, the surfaces 121 and 122 being relatively inclined more acutely than the surfaces 127 and .128, as

are clearly shown in Figs. 10 and 11, so that the lever 115 will have a greater angular movement than lever 116. The initial and final positions of the ring are thus determined by the inclination ofthe surfaces 125 and 127, which control the initial position, and the contact surfaces 126 and 128, which control the final position of the ring.

In Figs. 12 and 13 are shown still further forms of the lever and stop means. In these forms the trunnion 131 and 132, corresponding to trunnion 24 of Figs. 5 and 7, have rigid therewith levers 133 and 134, corresponding to lever 38 of Figs. 5 and 7. These levers are bifurcated at their lower ends to provide contact legs 135, '136, 137 and 138, the inner contact surfaces of vwhich are adapted, at the ends of the alternate movements of the levers 133 and 134, to contact with a` single stop pin 139 suitably secured .to a yoke 140 corresponding to yoke 17 of Fig. 6. The legs 135 and 136 have a greater angular relation than legs 137 and 138, whereby lever 133 is capable of greater an` gular movement than lever 134, as is clearly shown by the full and dotted line positions thereof 1n Figs. 12 and 13, respectively. It will be apparent, in view of the structures shown in Figs. 10 and 11, that the contacting surfaces of the legs 135, 136, 137 and.138 may also be asymmetrically inclined to the center line of the levers 133 and 134 for varying the initial and final positions of the tilting ring, as desired.

Hence, when it is desired to determine the limits of the tilting action ofthe ring, either the initial or final or both positions may be determined by selecting the lever having the particular inclined contact surfaces that will give, when cooperating with the stop pins 129 and 130 or 139, the desired initial and final positions of the ring 25.

For the purpose of determining the extent of advance of the period of ignition, the upper end of the lever 38, or levers 113, 114, 115, 116, 133 and 134, is of sufficient length to permit the securement thereto of the ball pin 40 at any selec-ted point along the length thereof. When the pin 40 is fastened at a relatively great distance from the axis of the ring 25, the amount of angular movement l transmitted to the sleeve and cam 9 for any given angular movement of the ring`25, will be greater than when the pin is fastened to the lever at a less remotefpointfrom the axis of th'e ring. The position-,of the pin 40 shown in the several views of the drawing is merely illustrativa, it being understood that the invention comprehends the idea of fastening the pin 40 at any point on the lever, more or less remote from the axis of the ring 25, as may be determined upon for obtaining the desired angular advance or retreat of the cam 9 with any given angular movement of thering 25 about an axis transcam 9 by means of the lever and ball pin,V

thus providing a simple and compact device for converting action about an axis to that about a transverse axis.

In operation the shaft 6 is driven by the engine. The rate of speed of rotation of such shaft Will vary with the speed of the engine. Accordingly, the ring While rotating with said shaft Will also be caused to tilt, more or less, from the inclined position shown in full lines in Figs. 1, 3 and 5, toward the dotted line positions shown. The spring 59 will flexibly resist such movement in accordance With its calibrated strength. The limits of the movement Will be gauged by the contacting of the surfaces 44 and 45 A on the stop "pins 48 and 49 or surfaces 121,

, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 and 128 on stop pins 129 and 130, `or the legs 135, 136, 137

' and 138 against the stop pin 139, as the case may be. The movement of the ring, thus modified and limited Will be commumcated directly to the sleeve 70 and cam 9 through the lever' 38, or levers 113, 114, 115, 116, 133 or 134, and ball pin 40, the latter operating in the slot 79 formed in the side of the sleeve 70. The normal rotation of the sleeve and cam is obtained from the shaft 6 through the yoke 17 or 140, the ring 24 and the connection, including the lever y38 and pin 40, to the sleeve 70, the tilting movement of the ring 25 adding or subtracting thereto orv therefrom, as above described.

I-Iaving thus'described our invention what We claim is:

1. In an ignition system for internal com. bustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a overnor-mechanism rotatable with said sha t and connected to ysaid interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change 1n engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force,"a lever fast with said ring and in driving engagement with said interrupter.

and adjustable means cooperative with said lever for determining the limits of the tilting action of said ring.

2. In an i ition system for internal combustion engines,l the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanismrotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for`automatical- 1y adjustng. the period lof ignition upon change in engine speed, saidl governor mechanism having 'a tilting ring subjected to lcentrifugal force, a lever fast with said ring and having contact surfaces, and adjustable stop members adapted to be contacted by said surfaces for determining the initial and final` limits of the tilting action'of said ring.

, period.

3. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a lever fast with said ring and having contact surfaces, a member fast with said shaft, and stop pins adjustably mounted in said member and cooperat-ive -With said surfaces for deterininingthe initial and final limits of the tilting action of said ring.

4. In an ignition system for internal combuston engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanismv having a Weight subjected to centrifugal said Weight and in direct driving engagement With said interrupter for determining the extent of advance of said period.

5. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable With said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, and an interchangeable lever fast with said ring and in direct driving engagement with said interrupter for determining the extent of advance of said period. y

6. In an ignition system for internal lcombustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a drivng shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable With said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically 7. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a. mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automaticallyadjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a weight subjected to centrifugal force, a spring for resisting the normal action of said weight, an adjustable means for varying the initial tension of said spring, and interchangeable means for determining the extent of advance of said period.

terchangeable means fast with said Weight and in driving engagement With said interrupter for determining the extent of advance i of said period.

9. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connectedto said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a spring for resisting the normal action of said ring, an adjustable means for varying the initial tension of said spring, and an interchangeable lever fast With said ring and in driving engagement with said interrupter for determining the `extent of advance of said period.

10. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a spring for resisting the normal action of said ring, an adjustable means for varying the initial tension of said spring, a lever fast With said ring, and a pin fastened in selected position on said lever and in driving engagement with said interrupter for determining the extent of advance of said eriod. p 11. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a drivingshaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition uponchange in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a spring for resisting the normal action of said ring, an adjustable means for varying the initial tension of said spring, a sleeve co-axial with said shaft, and a lever fast with said ring and in driving engagement with said sleeve turning the latter around said shaft to determine the extent of adavnce of said period.

12. In an ignitionsystem for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable With said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a spring for resisting the normal action of said ring, an adjustable means for varying the initial tension of said spring, a sleeve co-axial with said shaft and having a slot, a lever fast With said ring and a pin fastened in selected position on said lever and in driving engagement With said sleeve in said slot for determining the extent v of advance of said period.

13. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable With said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a Weight subjected to centrifugal force, adjustable means cooperative with said Weight for determining the limits of the action of said Weight, and interchangeable means for determining the extent of advance of said period.

14. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism `rotatable With said shaft and connected to said interrupter for autopmatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change'in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a lever fast with said ring and in driving engagement With said interrupter, adjustable means cooperative With said lever for determining the limits of the tilting action of said ring, and interchangeable means for determining the extent of ad- Vance of said period.

15. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the' combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable With said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to j centrifugal force, a lever fast with said ring and having contact surfaces, and adjustable stop members adapted to be contacted by said surfaces fordetermining the initial and final limits of the tilting action of said ring, and L interchangeable means for determining the extent of advance of said period.

16. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a me-.

chanical interrupter, 'a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjustingthe period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a lever fast with said ring and having contact surfaces, a member fast with said shaft, and stop pins adj ustably mounted in said member and cooperative with said surfaces for determining the initial and final' limits of the tilting action of said ring, and interchangeable means for determinlng the extent of advance of said period.

17. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines,the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period 'of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a weight subjected to centrifugal force, an interchangeable spring calibrated to modify the normal action of said Weight, adjustable means cooperative with said Weight for determining the limits of the action of said Weight, and interchangeable means for determining the extent of advance of said period.

18. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable Withsaid shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, an interchangeable-spring calibrated to modify the normal action of said tilting ring, a lever fast with .saidring and in driving engagement with said interrupter, and adjustable means cooperative With said lever for determining the limits of the tilting action of said ring, and interchangeable means for determining the extent of advance of sai period.

19. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically 'adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a weight subjected to centrifugal force, a sprin for resisting the normal action of said We1ght, adjustable means for varying the initial tension of said spring, adjustable means cooperative with said vvelght for determining the limits of the action of said weight, and interchangeable means for determining the extent of advance of said period.

In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a fspring for resisting the normal action of said ring, adjustable means for varying `the initial tension of said spring, a lever fast with said ring and having contact surfaces, adjustable stop members adapted to be contacted by said surfaces for determining the initial and final limits ofthe tilting action of said ring, and interchangeable means for determning the extent of advance of said period. f 21. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupted for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism having a tilting ring subjected to centrifugal force, a spring for resisting the normal action of said ring, adjustable means for varying the initial tension of said spring,

a' lever fast with said ringl and having inclined contact surfaces, a member fast with said shaft, stop pins adjustably mounted in said member and cooperative with said surfaces for determining the initial and final limits of the tilting action of said ring, and interchangeable means for determining the extent of advance of said period.

22. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor' mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism comprising a yoke fast with said shaft and having a' bearing at one end and a split jaw at the other end, a trunnion fixed in said jaw, a tilting. ring having a bearing rotatabl supported on said trunnion, a trunnion ast with said ring and rotatably supported in said bearing of said yoke, and a spring connected between said' ring and said trunnion in said jaw for resisting the tilting action of said rin 23. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignitionA upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism comprising a yoke fast with said shaft and having a bearing at one end and a split jaw at the other end, a trunnion fixed in said jaw, a tilting ring having a bearing rotatably supported on said trunnion, a trunnion fast 'with said ring and rotatably supported in said bearing of said yoke, and a spring connected between said ring and said trunnion in said jaw for resisting the tilting action of said ring, said fixed trunnion being adjustable to vary the initial tension of said spring. i

24: In an ignition system for internalcombustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism comprising a yoke fast with said shaft and having bearing members, a tilting ring supported by said members for tilting action on yan axis transverse to the axis of said shaft,

said ring being provided with a recess in which one of said bearing members extends, and a spring in said recess and connected between said projecting member and said ring for resisting the tilting action of said ring.

25. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a gover.- nor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism comprising a yoke fast with said shaft and having bearing members, a tilting ring supported by said members for tilting action on an axis transverse to the axis of said shaft, said ring being provided with a recess in which one of said bearing members extends, and a spring in said recess and connected between said projecting member and said ring for resisting the tilting action of said ring,

said projecting member being adjustable for varying the initial tension of said spring.

26. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to' said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism comprising a yoke fast with said shaftV and having bearing members on opposite sides of said shaft, a tilting ring supported by said members for tilting action on an axis transverse to the axis of said shaft, said ring having a bearing hub provided with a recess in which onel of said members projects, and a spring nested in said recess around said projecting member and connected to the latter andto said hub for `resisting the tilting action of said ring. v

27. In an ignition system for internal combustion engines, the combination of a mechanical interrupter, a driving shaft, a governor mechanism rotatable with said shaft and connected to said interrupter for automatically adjusting the period of ignition upon change in engine speed, said governor mechanism comprising a yoke fast with said shaftand jecting member and connected to the latter and to said hub for resisting the tilting action of said ring, said projecting member being adjustable for varying the initial tension of said spring.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature.

WOLFGANG E. SCHWARZMANN. 'In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

CHARLES STRNISTE.

having bearing members on opposite sides of said shaft, a tilting ring supported by said members for tilting action on an axis transverse to the axis of said shaft, said ring having a bearing hub provided with a recess in which one of said members projects, and a spring nested in said recess around said pro- 

